AI Technology & Industry Review
A research team from DeepMind presents epistemic neural networks (ENNs) as an interface for uncertainty modelling in deep learning, and proposes the KL divergence from a target distribution as a precise metric to evaluate ENNs.
A research team from Google Brain, Columbia University and University of Oxford proposes Graph Kernel Attention Transformers (GKATs), a new class of graph neural network that achieves greater expressive power than SOTA GNNs while reducing computation burdens.
A research team from Microsoft, Zhejiang University, Johns Hopkins University, Georgia Institute of Technology and University of Denver proposes Only-Train-Once (OTO), a one-shot DNN training and pruning framework that produces a slim architecture from a full heavy model without fine-tuning while maintaining high performance.
A Google Research team proposes Wordcraft, a text editor with a built-in AI-powered creative writing assistant. Wordcraft uses few-shot learning and the natural affordances of conversation to support a variety of user interactions; and can help with story planning, writing and editing.
In a new paper published in the prestigious scientific journal Nature, DeepMind presents AlphaFold2, a redesigned neural-network system based on last year’s AlphaFold that can predict protein structures with atomic-level accuracy.
A research team from Taichi Graphics, MIT CSAIL, Zhejiang University, Tsinghua University and Kuaishou Technology introduces a programming language and compiler for quantized simulation that achieves both high performance and significantly reduced memory costs by enabling flexible and aggressive quantization.
A research team from Baidu proposes ERNIE 3.0, a unified framework for pretraining large-scale, knowledge-enhanced models that can easily be tailored for both natural language understanding and generation tasks with zero-shot learning, few-shot learning or fine-tuning, and achieves state-of-the-art results on NLP tasks.
A research team from the University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chinese Academy of Sciences, School of Education Shaanxi Normal University, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology and ETH Zurich encodes the basic belief assignment (BBA) into quantum states and implements them on a quantum circuit, aiming to utilize quantum computation characteristics to better handle belief functions.
University of Washington and the Allen Institute for Artificial Intelligence researchers say human evaluations are no longer the gold standard for evaluating natural language generation models, as evaluators’ focus on surface-level text qualities degrades their ability to accurately assess current NLG models’ overall capabilities.
A research team from OpenAI proposes Codex, a specialized GPT model fine-tuned on publicly available code from GitHub that can produce functionally correct Python code bodies from natural language docstrings and could excel at a variety of coding tasks.
A research team from MIT proposes a unified framework for estimation and inference in the presence of various forms of economic data corruption such as measurement errors, missing values, discretization, and differential privacy.
MIT and University of Waterloo researchers propose a machine learning model that outperforms the average student on problems from MIT’s 6.036 Introduction to Machine Learning course.
A research team from Cross Compass Ltd, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology and University of Tokyo presents CLIPDraw, an algorithm that synthesizes drawings based on natural language input without the need for any training.
A research team from ByteDance AI Lab, University of Wisconsin–Madison and Nanjing University wins the ACL 2021 best paper award. Their proposed Vocabulary Learning via Optimal Transport (VOLT) approach leverages optimal transport to automatically find an optimal vocabulary without trial training.
A research team from Facebook AI and UC Berkeley finds a solution for vision transformers’ optimization instability problem by simply using a standard, lightweight convolutional stem for ViT models. The approach dramatically increases optimizer stability and improves peak performance without sacrificing computation efficiency.
A recent paper proposes A New Hope (ANH), a set of novel blockchain platforms designed to enable the integration of large-scale deep neural networks (DNNs) into smart contracts.
A research team from Microsoft Research Asia, University of Science and Technology of China, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, and Tsinghua University takes advantage of the inherent spatiotemporal locality of videos to present a pure-transformer backbone architecture for video recognition that leads to a better speed-accuracy trade-off.
A research team from University of Cambridge, Imperial College London & Twitter, UCLA, MPI-MIS, and SJTU & UNSW proposes CW Networks (CWNs), a message-passing scheme that operates on regular cell complexes and achieves stronger expressive power than graph neural networks (GNNs).
A research team from DeepMind and Amii extends the emphatic method to multi-step deep reinforcement learning (RL) targets, and demonstrates that combining emphatic trace with deep neural networks can improve performance on classic Atari video games.
A research team from Leibniz University Hannover introduces World-GAN, a 3D generative adversarial network that aims to learn and generate structures directly in the 3D voxel space in Minecraft.
A team from Google Research proposes prediction depth, a new measure of example difficulty determined from hidden embeddings. Their study reveals the surprising fact that the prediction depth of a given input has strong connections to a model’s uncertainty, confidence, accuracy and speed of learning for that data point.
Researchers from Google conduct a survey on how to make Deep Learning models smaller, faster, and better. The team focuses on core areas of model efficiency, from modelling techniques to hardware support, and open-sources an experiment-based guide and code to help practitioners optimize their model training and deployment.
A research team from Facebook AI Research and Mila – McGill University explores deep learning model accuracy versus time trade-offs in anytime learning, which they term Anytime Learning at Macroscale (ALMA). The team evaluates various models to gain insights on how to strike different trade-offs between accuracy and time to obtain a good learner.
A research team from Princeton University, the Institute of Applied Physics and Computational Mathematics and the Beijing Institute of Big Data Research uses the Deep Potential (DP) method to predict the phase diagram of water from ab initio quantum theory, from low temperature and pressure to about 2400 K and 50 GPa. The paper was published in leading physics journal Physical Review Letters and represents an important milestone in the application of DP.
A research team from the Swiss AI Lab IDSIA leverages fast weight programmers (FWPs) to advance linear transformers and explores the connection between linearised transformers and outer product-based FWPs to release the power of improved FWPs.
A research team from MIT, Allen Institute for AI and Microsoft Research open-sources Python Programming Puzzles (P3), a novel programming challenge suite that captures the essence of puzzles and can be used to teach and evaluate an AI’s programming proficiency.
A research team from New York University and Google Research explores whether knowledge distillation really works, showing that a surprisingly large discrepancy often remains between the predictive distributions of the teacher and student models, even when the student has the capacity to perfectly match the teacher.
A research team from Mila, McGill University, Université de Montréal, DeepMind and Microsoft proposes GFlowNet, a novel flow network-based generative method that can turn a given positive reward into a generative policy that samples with a probability proportional to the return.v
A research team from DeepMind and Google Brain proposes Launchpad, a programming model that simplifies the process of defining and launching instances of distributed computation.
A Google Research team proposes MergeDistill, a framework for merging pretrained teacher LMs from multiple monolingual/multilingual LMs into a single multilingual task-agnostic student LM to leverage the capabilities of the powerful language-specific LMs while still being multilingual and enabling positive language transfer.
A research team from McGill University, Université de Montréal, DeepMind and Mila presents an end-to-end, model-based deep reinforcement learning (RL) agent that dynamically attends to relevant parts of its environments to facilitate out-of-distribution (OOD) and systematic generalization.
An IEEE team provides a comprehensive overview of the bottom-up and top-down design approaches toward neuromorphic intelligence, highlighting the different levels of granularity present in existing silicon implementations and assessing the benefits of the different circuit design styles in neural processing systems.
A research team from UC Berkeley, Facebook AI Research and Google Brain abstracts Reinforcement Learning (RL) as a sequence modelling problem. Their proposed Decision Transformer simply outputs optimal actions by leveraging a causally masked transformer, yet matches or exceeds state-of-the-art model-free offline RL baselines on Atari, OpenAI Gym, and Key-to-Door tasks.
A research team from Google Brain conducts a comprehensive empirical study on more than fifty choices in a generic adversarial imitation learning framework and explores their impacts on large-scale (>500k trained agents) continuous-control tasks to provide practical insights and recommendations for designing novel and effective AIL algorithms.
A research team from Google Research combines the benefits of implicit differentiation and autodiff and proposes a unified, efficient and modular approach for implicit differentiation of optimization problems.
A research team from OneFlow and Microsoft takes a step toward automatic deep neural network structure design, exploring unsupervised structure-learning and leveraging the efficient coding principle, information theory and computational neuroscience to design structure learning without label information.
A research team from Google proposes ByT5 architecture, a competitive token-free pretrained byte-to-byte transformer that can be straightforwardly adapted to process byte sequences without adding excessive computational cost.
A research team from Google Cloud AI, Google Research and Rutgers University simplifies vision transformers’ complex design, proposing nested transformers (NesT) that simply stack basic transformer layers to process non-overlapping image blocks individually. The approach achieves superior ImageNet classification accuracy and improves model training efficiency.
A research team from Georgia Tech, Microsoft Research and Microsoft Azure AI studies the collections of “lottery tickets” in extremely over-parametrized models, revealing the generalization performance pattern of winning tickets and proving the existence of “super tickets.”
A research team from New York University, Facebook AI, and a CIFAR Fellow in Learning in Machines & Brains raise doubts regarding large-scale pretrained language models’ few-shot learning abilities. The researchers re-evaluate such abilities with held-out examples unavailable, which they propose constitutes “true few-shot learning.”